do these discs come in different diameters ? could the wrong on have been fitted ?
(I know nothing about these discs, my bikes are on rims)
They do. Most commonly 140 or 160mm for road bikes, often larger for mountain bikes.
If you fit the wrong size, it either won't go into the caliper at all, or you may need to change the caliper bolts. It
may be possible to fit a larger one without adjusting the calipers and have them catching the wrong place.
But the noise & vibration if the pads aren't pulling against the correct surface would be intolerable, would have thought, so that sounds unlikely.