I can't really add anything useful as I've only ridden a bike with a triple once, for about 30 mins. But I won't let that stop me.
Throughout my cycling life I've always been on a quest for lower gears, and the industry has obliged by making sprockets bigger and chainrings smaller.
In my youth my bike had a double. I don't know why I never fitted a triple, I was always fiddling with the bike. Maybe I didn't realise it was possible. I just stuck with my bottom gear of 38/28 or whatever it was and accepted that life was hard and cycling especially so. Then I had a hiatus from cycling and when I came back compact doubles were all the rage and 32T sprockets were a thing.
But in all this time, I never thought "what I want is more gears". I always thought "what I want is lower gears". And I can do that now (my next chainset will be a subcompact).
So maybe that's a possible clue to their demise. Their USP is more gears, and that's not a big sell. Their other selling point is lower gears, but that's no longer unique.
Also - the pros don't ride triples.

Ok they don't ride compacts either, but from a distance they look the same.
Edit: Another reason is possibly the rise of brifters. Having to design, manufacture and sell two variants of a complicated indexed shifter, one of which doesn't sell well, may have been a challenge that the manufacturers would prefer to avoid. Maybe once we're all electronical they'll make a comeback
.