have tried adjusting them before and no joy, v brakes seem quite cheap, so will they fit?
If you change to V you will have to change your brake levers too. If your cantis are set up like the green one above, and if your wheels are dead true as you said, then you will increase the stopping power of your cantis significantly by shortening the straddle wires, to just clearing the tyres/guards, and setting the pads to no more than say 1.5mm from the rims.
Those forks have no disc tabs so you can't have disc brake up front without replacing forks.
For wheel selection you need the inside measurement between the rear dropouts when the rear wheel is off. It will be either 126mm, 130mm or 135mm. Since you have gripshifts currently that means you have indexed shifting, so you will have to change shifters too if you move to 8/9 speed.