Well, with the latest wide rims being aerodynamic with wider tyre there are sub-0.5w differences in aero drag between a 19mm & 28mm wheels at 60km/h.
Firstly the pro-peleton mostly rides on tubulars not clinchers, which makes a difference to how wider tyres react to surfaces. That said wider tyres roll faster over less than perfect surfaces, even at 5-10psi lower tyre pressure. This means that there is less vibration induced fatigue which over a hard 5 hour stage/rage outweighs the minor aero deficit.
Why low tyre pressures? For a given surface texture go too high & your coefficient of rolling resistance increases. On truy 'flat' surfaces like in a velodrome this pressure is so high it's a non-issue, on roads it can be as low as 70psi for a 23mm tyre! The Crr profile looks like a lopsided V with the over-pressure being much steeper than under-pressure. For this reason it's better to run the tyres at lower pressures. I've seen pressures down at 80psi for lighter riders on 23mm tyres.