I can understand that it may be very difficult to differentiate / identify a rear bike light amid all the rear car lights that could be present. I have seen rear bike lights in the exact same position / trajectory as a rear light of a car in the distance, making it car to say that's definitely a cyclist.
Also, sometimes I think people's brains will see what they expect to see, rather than necessarily what is actually there. What we see is only our brains interpretation of what is actually there and if there are gaps the brain could help fill things in. If it is dark then it's doesn't help.
As for only having three seconds to react; there are 5,280 feet in a mile. If you are travelling at 70mph then you cover 6,159 feet a minute or 102 feet a second. If you saw the cyclist 3 seconds ahead they would be 306 feet away and in the dark, then I think that is pretty good going.