Yes, many managed without cars then, but society was set up for that to be the norm. We can't go back to that by changing individual behaviour, it will need massive changes to society as a whole, and the necessary changes will be very strongly resisted, as people have got used to the current normal, and businesses like the large retail units they can have in the out of town retail centres, they won't want to revert to much smaller high street shops.
Having said which, COVID has shown how much it is possible to work from home for many office type jobs, and hybrid working is likely to become the norm for those jobs, which could lead to a significant reduction in car use, if not in ownership.