On my Kettwiesel, range 15" to 88" and a fairly short rear mech I can and do use 8 out of 9 rear cassettes when on the small chainring, all 9 on the middle and 7 out of 9 on the big chainring.
On my QNT 15" to 104" it's all 9 on both of the smaller chainrings and 7 out of 9 on the big one.
Using both the front and back big rings together can be posible if the chain is long enough. I run a slightly shorter chain as I find I use the small ring front and the higher/faster gears back quiet often, however, this does mean that an inadvertent change to big/big could damage the rear mech'.
As I'm fairly confident I won't do that I chose to run that risk.
If you have a look at the rear mech when your trike is on big/big (be gentle getting it there, the best way would be to have someone hold the back wheel off the ground while you turn the pedals by hand and change the gears). If the rear mech is straight forward then, with your weight on the trike and suspension movement from the road you could over stretch the mech.
Also try small/small while your at it and see how the mech tucks back to keep the chain taut and the chain rubs at the closest point. If the chain goes to the side at that point, say due to road vibration you will again strain the mech (this time in a twisting motion).
Once you know what it looks like at the back you'll soon remember to avoid potentially poor combinations.
When it is time to change the chain you can decide if you'd rather be safe in big/big by adding a link or two, or safe in small/small by shortening by the same amount.
A long chain is the best for a new rider as it more easily causes damage to have a shortish chain and go big/big by accident, you can get away with small/small more often as it takes an accidental selection AND the chain to skip off a pulley in the mech.
Finally, much off what is said re crossover is about the amount the chian is moved across between the front and back rings. Recumbents have longer chain runs (my QNT use two and two thirds standard chains) so the side to side bend caused by running at the extremes is less of an issue for us but the capacity of the rear mech to handle the chain tension is still the limiting factor.
Hope that helps, pm me if you want any more details. Geoff