Just a smidge over 10mm.
The male bolt is around 10mm in length, the female sleeve/nut is around 8mm, but when tightened down together, the overall length is 10.3mm. Outer diameter of male bolt across threads is 7.7mm, outer diameter of female sleeve/nut is 9.6mm. Diameter of both across the pan head is 11.6mm.
These are the measurements for a Shimano 5700 compact crank 50/34 stock chainrings, for future reference. Make it a sticky!
**Update**
Just found that the measurement for a chainring bolt is determined by locking the two parts together and then measuring the distance between the underside of the two lips. So, my 10mm chainring bolt (overall length) is actually a 6.5mm chainring bolt (distance between the underside of the lips/heads.)