It's not black and white, though. Back to my motorcycle days: if you want to do a stoppie (come to a halt with rear wheel in the air) you need maximum adhesion from the front tyre, and you achieve that by braking progressively and shifting your weight forward over the tank and bars to add to the weight transfer. I know that's a stunt, but it illustrates the point that if you want maximum adhesion from the front tyre you need to shift your weight forward. Similarly, with a chopper with raked-out forks, they often don't bother with a front brake because with the weight so far back the front wheel would never gain enough traction and would slide if you braked hard. There is an ideal position for the CoG of the bike for maximum braking, and it's not too far forward and not too far back. Think of a MotoGP bike: a kind of triangle with the rider in the middle.
This doesn't apply 100% to bicycles, because the rider is the main mass, and there is no engine and transmission to bring the CoG down, so the CoG is always going to be high, and adding to that by moving weight forward is not a good idea. But equally hanging your butt over the rear wheel while braking hard (if that were possible) might not give you maximum traction for the front wheel either. My guess would be to stay right where you are, in the centre of the bike. Just thinking aloud, really.