I've worked in supply teaching for nearly 20 years - so a lot of the time, mercifully, at some distance from having to set and mark homework as a regular, day-to-day, chore. I don't have managers chasing performance indicators, targets, data collection points, and all the other statistical games for league tables and OFSTED.
Homework (as in QUALITY homework) can be very valuable. Two (admittedly
VERY extreme!) examples:-
1. A supposedly one-off science class I covered, on the solar system; I gave homework. Next day, "little Johnny" yelled across a crowded corridor, "Mr ****, Mr ****, I did my homework! It was f***ing brilliant!"; I went over for a wee chat, and sure enough, he'd done it and he was ..... buzzing.
I headed for the staffroom, to be greeted by a deathly hush - and then questions. "How ...?" "What ....?" "How ....? Turns out "little Johnny" was reckoned to be far and away the most recalcitrant, uncooperative, disengaged, renegade little ******* in year 7. Wouldn't do anything he was asked, in class, let alone for homework.
The homework? "Go outside about 9.30 tonight, and look up in this direction. You should see Jupiter - and IF you're lucky, you'll see one, maybe more, of Jupiter's moons." Little Johnny had borrowed grandpa's binoculars, and spotted a couple more!
Result. He was a dream student, for the next couple of lessons I had him. Couldn't stop his questions and curiosity about planets and stars!
2. Another supposedly short-term cover - this time in maths. Again a supposedly lower ability group.
Supposedly teaching long-division. And failing. Two lessons - and none of the kids "got it". The third lesson - I gave up; wrote up a couple of examples on the board, with the answers - and told the kids to work out for themselves how I'd got there.
Not a recommended teaching technique - but damn it, it worked. All it took was a wee lass to jump in the air, throw her chair back, and yell "YES! I get it!" And she had indeed 'got it'; the pair of us worked the room, until the others had got it too.
I offered them the option. No hassle, no pressure - it wasn't a timetabled maths homework night; but if they wanted, I'd get the maths office to print off an exercise by the end of the day, for anybody who wanted to practice/consolidate. All but two out of the thirty students went to the office, and hassled them mercilessly for the homework sheet. (And a bemused maths department signed me up for three months straight work.

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Bottom lines -
- Quality homework (that challenges, excites, or "serves a purpose") works.
- Quantity homework (set to fill an OFSTED "expectation" of any number of statistical hours "filled") is (more than likely) a waste of time, and (again more than likely) a nasty tactic to draw parents into the statistical game-playing "needed" by the league tables.