- grease (=viscosity high) is for static applications like mounts/fixings, to prevent potential harmful aliens invading. If it gets moved to another location, it won't return, and the function is lost.
- oil (=viscosity low) is for dynamic applications like drivetrains, to reduce friction by being a fluid that doesn't change in volume when pressed. If it gets moved to another location, it can return due to external forces (other than the one the drivetrain transmits), such as gravity, centrifugal/centripetal, medium resistances, and so on.
grease on a drivetrain part in use is thus contradictional - it's a temporary story, with the period a function of the viscosity of the greases components, what was observed in this topic.
If original color changes (grey to black), and no external origin, it's just dirt from inside the chains link parts, that the cleaning missed (ex just a wipe off externals), that got pushed out to stick in the grease, and by the way, if those particles sat at the inside of rollers, they will have masked (=compensated for) wears influence on chain length under tension.
That's why a thorough clean (immersion, ultrasonic vibrator), or a ride through a downpour, can suddenly cause the chain to become longer, as seen by derailer position or chain hanging more - requiring retension.
As already mentioned, it isn't "stretching", it's just material sitting in the length direction, that got grinded off and ended out of the length direction (including on the road or in grandma's daisies).
Any pitch increase will cause the rollers to "machine" the sprocket teeth, if these aren't yet "machined", towards the increased pitch, because the chain has design, material and numerical superiority over the sprockets.
So, at Fubar, the sprockets will have been machined towards accomodating Fubar, and a new chain on them will "restart" the pitch growth, and thus prevent further machining on the sprockets (or more accurate: reduce it to a fraction of what it was).
There is also a completely other factor: rust due to rain or condensation. Water is more fluid = low viscous, than grease, so grease doesn't keep water out. Oil can, but has abit lower density than water, so gravity can "move" it to a, for lubrication, wrong position, and water, for rust, bad position.
Soooo, to judge whether or not a chain can continue serve its job, don't look at the chain, look at the sprockets teeth, and judge whether or not chain replacement is needed to avoid failure of sprockets function.
How to know that failure point: test it, and when found, keep it as an example for the future.
