To him you were taking the p1ss - you left a whole cycle lane and rode well into the driving lane effectively encroaching in his space. He may be wrong in his belief, but if we understand the driver's psyche we might avoid such confrontations.
It's fine referring cyclecraft or the cycling section of the highway code, but unless you're a cylist, you have no reason to read upon on them.
Okay, so we understand drivers don't know why cyclists don't cycle in the cycle lane, so what do we do?
They don't understand that cutting up cyclists because they don't pay a fictional "road tax", or are not in "their cycle lane" is okay, so what do we do?
Neither of these I can see any reason to cycle any differently that you would to preserve your own safety (out of the lanes, primary when needed, etc).
And mainly - idiots like this are very unlikely to be reasoned with, or care.
The Highway code is applicable to all road users, hence why it's the
Highway code and you need to be able to demonstrate this in a driving test.