If you've disabled secure boot, or moved it down the boot options, your laptop should boot up from whatever it can find in the other memory devices.
Another thing you can try if you have a memory stick is to download linux to it and run your laptop off that. You can program Linux to your memory stick from windows once you downloaded the right software. You can also load linux to an SD memory card instead of a memory stick if you have a card reader. Once you have the laptop loading off your memory stick, you quite often have the option of installing it on your hard drive (or you may prefer to keep running it off your memory stick). Puppy is a good version of Linux for loading off memory sticks.
Whether you use a memory stick, SD card or DVD, you will have to dick around with your BIOS or NetBEUI in order to get your laptop to boot off these devices before looking at its hard disk.
https://www.pendrivelinux.com/
