Like you @johnnyb47 my first road bike was a steel framed Peugeot. I think you've made the right choice looking at second hand bikes in your budget range for the simple reason that I don't think a budget road bike would ride as well as the one you already have - easier shifting aside - as steel bikes just seem to float along the road.
That being said on my newer bike I am a bit quicker than I was on my old bike - but then I'm fitter and lighter now than I was then so it's not a good comparison. Also worth thinking about as @Drago said is that quoted weights are pretty much meaningless until you've got a set of scales at hand. My bike's listed weight is 10kg, but with saddle bag, bottle cages, pedals and computer + mounts it's actually closer to 12.5kg - so not much difference when compared to your current bike. For comparison my steel road bike weighed 11.5kg with the same setup.
You have a lot of scope for reducing the weight of your current bike over a period of time through judicious choice of replacement components and a bit of thought. I'd suggest reading this - although it's a bit pornographic and not for those with dicky tickers - 9.7kg steel road bike with mudguards, front rack and dynamo lighting setup.
That being said on my newer bike I am a bit quicker than I was on my old bike - but then I'm fitter and lighter now than I was then so it's not a good comparison. Also worth thinking about as @Drago said is that quoted weights are pretty much meaningless until you've got a set of scales at hand. My bike's listed weight is 10kg, but with saddle bag, bottle cages, pedals and computer + mounts it's actually closer to 12.5kg - so not much difference when compared to your current bike. For comparison my steel road bike weighed 11.5kg with the same setup.
You have a lot of scope for reducing the weight of your current bike over a period of time through judicious choice of replacement components and a bit of thought. I'd suggest reading this - although it's a bit pornographic and not for those with dicky tickers - 9.7kg steel road bike with mudguards, front rack and dynamo lighting setup.