Really the thing that compromises lifespan and durability of frames is designing them for performance, at that point you are trying to save weight and making compromises to achieve better performance. You can over-engineer a frame with any material or you can make it exceptionally weak by making it too light. However no one really makes over-engineered carbon fibre frames because there are better materials for that and aluminium generally is the middle level of performance I guess overall for road bikes but for mountain bikes you definitely get over-built frames made of aluminium. High tensile steel will never be a performance material its clearly a cheap material and there is no reason not to over-engineer it really because plain gauge standard tubes are the cheapest.
It's like any component really, you can have a long lasting steel cassette but is heavy or you can have a aluminium cassette perhaps with steel or titanium used for the smaller cogs and then you can have a carbon fibre carrier to hold the cogs and you can drill the cogs carefully to remove material without compromising strength much. The cheap cassette is still stronger and will last longer but at the expense of weight. You can understand all the extra processing and the more exotic materials add hugely to costs and you have added many more possible failure points and shortened its lifespan. So a steel cassette might last 10,000 miles (just a guess) and the more exotic cassette perhaps 6,000 miles but the cheap cassette costs £15 and exotic cassette £150. So one is 0.15p per mile in cost and the other is 2.5p per mile. That's like 15x as much per mile. Lets say there is 200g weight difference though.
My point is generally performance compromises lifespan of any component really be it frame, cassette, wheels, saddle, derailleur, tyres etc. The more you push for performance the higher the costs, the shorter the lifespan and the worse the value of that product. I totally accept that sometimes products are compromised by price as well, the product is just too cheap. It could be a carbon fibre fork that only has carbon fibre blades bonded to an aluminium steerer or could be a plastic derailleur with a weak spring giving less than ideal functionality. It's really the two 'P's that compromise bike design with regard safety and lifespan and thats price and performance. As ever the value conscious buyer looks to find the sweet spot when he/she buys a bike.