I think to be fair the research reported this time around was that women have a 16% greater risk of breast, ovarian (and some other) cancer for every 10cm they are taller than average and 16% less for being 10cm shorter. That was based on some 9000 women over 5' tall (I believe 5'5" is the average).
But this is in addition to earlier research, pretty well confirmed, which has shown that taller people have shorter life expectancy, as for that matter do larger breeds of dog over smaller ones
It seems that the reason is a toss up (at the moment) between the higher hormone levels needed during growth to get bigger and more repairs needed to keep a big body going (just think, the heart has to pump the blood further against gravity in taller people) therefore a higher chance of a cancer getting going.