Tosspot back to you
Of course you could ride from Glasgow to Edinburgh on a Tesco bike - I did a Pedal for Scotland on my recycled (by a professional bike mechanic though) 5 speed. Never walked a hill, not even Avonbridge.
Probably the Tesco bike won't be as pleasurable (easy) to ride as the latest carbon, plus will need components replaced after a few hundred miles.
Unless the man (or woman, in my case) is a skinny 20 year old whippet the bike does make a difference.
I did the same sportive the year after (47 miles), on a better geared bike, never even broke sweat, rode it back too!
Meanwhile, old mamils on road bikes keep leaving me for dust