Bloke said:
-I suppose what I'm asking is, if I go for a new bike with a triple and I fancy changing back (to a double or compact), does it entail purchasing a whole new chainset?
Depends on exactly what make/model/year of gears you have, but you may need to buy a new:-
* rear mech - triples mean there is a greater difference between the smallest and largest chainrings meaning that the rear mech has to be table to take up a larger amount of slack chain. This is the 'capacity' of a rear mech. In general, you'll probably need a new rear mech if the existing one is a short cage. Medium cage you might be ok swapping between compact and triple. Long cage you'll be fine. If you have a triple and go to compact then you'll be fine, there's no problem running a compact with a long cage rear mech (although the purists will scoff at anything but a short cage rear mech).
* bottom bracket - triples often require a different length bottom bracket axle as they need to be slightly further out and have a larger Q-factor. A double or compact may work on it but will not be perfectly aligned.
* front mech - sometimes you might need a new front mech for a triple, but a triple front mech should handle a double.
* front STI/Ergo lever - sometimes you'll need to change the ergo/STI lever too if you move from double to triple or vice versa, as you don't want to be able to over-shift and ship the chain
Again, this is a generalisation as Shimano/Campag/SRAM, groupset name (105/Ultegra/Centaur/Veloce/Red/Force/etc) will differ, even from year to year.
So, no, it's not just as simple as swapping the chainset over.
A good bike shop will be able to help you. A crap bike shop will too, but their advice might be rubbish.